Description
Devry PSYC 110 All Chapters pre & post Test Latest
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 01 preTest latest
1)
A ________ has a medical degree and is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.
psychologist
psychiatric social worker
psychoanalyst
psychiatrist
2)
Which of the following is a guideline for doing research with people?
Participants cannot just quit without a valid, logical reason.
Participants must be allowed to make an informed decision about participation.
Participants must understand that confidentiality is not guaranteed.
Deception is never justified.
3)
Researchers who allow their expectations about what they will see to affect the results of their observation studies are suffering from:
the observer effect.
participation observation.
controlled observation.
observer bias.
4)
Correlation will tell researchers all of the following EXCEPT ________ between variables.
how strong the relationship is
if there is causation
if there is a relationship
in what direction the relationship goes
5)
If a correlation coefficient is positive:
only one of the variables goes up.
the number is represented by the letter p.
the two variables increase in the same direction.
the two variables have an inverse relationship.
6)
Experimenters control the effects of extraneous or confounding variables upon members of experimental and control groups by using:
independent observers.
placebos.
random assignment.
double-blind studies.
7)
Researchers use ________ for reducing bias and error in the measurement of data.
case studies
the scientific method
the descriptive methods
naturalistic observation
8)
A researcher wants to describe children’s normal behavior on the playground. The best method for this research is to use
a case study.
an experiment.
naturalistic observation.
a survey.
9)
Which of the following illustrates psychology’s goal of control?
using rewards to help a smoker give up cigarettes.
observing the behavior of children in preschool.
predicting students’ university grades based on their high school grades.
giving psychological tests to a new therapy client to determine the client’s symptoms.
10)
When Mary took the survey in the mall, she noticed that the interviewer was wearing an Obama button. She answered the questions more favorably toward Obama than she might otherwise have, probably because:
the survey questions were biased.
she misunderstand the purpose of the survey.
of courtesy bias.
of observer bias.
11)
Dr. Jonas wanted to determine what would happen if rats were given food every time they completed a maze. He believed they would learn to complete the maze faster. This belief is called
an explanation.
control.
a prediction.
a description.
12)
Dr. Edwards wants to show a causal relationship between tobacco smoking and cancer. Dr. Edwards should:
observe people smoking.
conduct an experiment using animal participants.
find a correlation between smoking and the rates of cancer.
conduct a telephone survey asking smokers about their health.
13)
Anna is 45 years old and is suffering from hot flashes and extreme moodiness. From a(n) _____ perspective, Anna’s symptoms can be attributed to menopause.
psychodynamic
analytical
cognitive
biopsychological
14)
Mrs. O’Connor participated in a study in which she was told she would try out a new allergy medicine. She was in the group that received a sugar pill, but she believed that the pill did indeed help control her allergy symptoms. This phenomenon is known as:
the experimenter effect.
the mind-over-matter effect.
the placebo effect.
a successful experiment.
15)
Sasha sat in the preschool classroom and watched the children play, writing down how well they interacted with each other. The children could see that Sasha was watching them, so they made an attempt to be extra well-behaved for her. Sasha’s research will be impacted by:
observer bias.
an inability to replicate the results.
the observer effect.
participant observation.
16)
A drug company is determining the effects of a treatment for depression. Neither the researcher nor the participants know who is getting the treatment and who is given a sugar pill. This type of study is:
single-blind.
double-blind.
quasi-experimental.
an institutional review.
17)
Mrs. Lewis participated in a study in which she was given no treatment for her condition. Mrs. Lewis was in the ________ group.
experimental
observed
hazard
control
18)
Because psychologists want to be precise and measure as carefully as they can, they use ________ to study psychology.
the scientific method
introspection
mental processes
functionalism and structuralism
19)
John Watson believed that phobias:
are learned through the process of conditioning.
are an indication of a deeper mental problem.
are the result of a traumatic event.
cannot be eliminated entirely.
20)
What did Watson believe about behavior?
that it stems from unconscious motivation
that it and personality form in the first 6 years of life
that it is learned
that it is related to repressed conflict
21)
Freud believed that personality was formed:
in the first 6 years of life.
in the first 2 years of life.
after a traumatizing event.
around puberty when the sex organs develop.
22)
The psychological perspective that is associated with William James is:
conflict.
psychoanalysis.
structuralism.
functionalism.
23)
Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis:
has no place in modern scientific study.
has been completely rejected by modern psychologists.
is still in use by professionals today, with less emphasis on sex and sexual motivations.
is as commonly used today as it was a few decades ago.
24)
________ focuses on how people think, remember, store, and use information.
Structuralism
Cognitive psychology
Objective introspection
Behaviorism
25)
Mary is a psychologist who focuses on the role of the conscious and unconscious minds. To which perspective does Mary ascribe?
behavioral
humanistic
psychodynamic
cognitive
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 01 postTest latest
Which of the following is a guideline for doing research with people?
Deception is never justified.
Participants must be allowed to make an informed decision about participation.
Participants must understand that confidentiality is not guaranteed.
Participants cannot just quit without a valid, logical reason.
2)
An institutional review board reviews:
a study’s proper use of the scientific method.
a study’s hypothesis for feasibility.
double-blind studies only.
a study’s safety and consideration for the research participants.
3)
Researchers who allow their expectations about what they will see to affect the results of their observation studies are suffering from:
the observer effect.
participation observation.
observer bias.
controlled observation.
4)
All of the following statements about surveys are true EXCEPT:
survey questions can be written in such a way that the desired answer becomes obvious.
it is difficult to word survey questions so they will be understood the same way by all who read them.
the order of the questions in the survey can affect its outcome.
answers to survey questions are resistant to courtesy bias.
5)
In an experiment, it is best to divide participants into the control or experimental group by:
using random assignment.
studying each participant’s personality.
surveying the participants first.
determining the participants’ familiarity with the study.
6)
The four goals of psychology are accomplished through:
laboratory observation.
the scientific method.
double-blind studies.
surveys.
7)
Because psychologists want to be precise and measure as carefully as they can, they use ________ to study psychology.
introspection
functionalism and structuralism
mental processes
the scientific method
8)
According to the behavioral perspective, a child who cries and is rewarded by getting his mother’s attention will:
cry again in the future.
stop crying so much in the future.
be more attached to his mother.
be indifferent to his mother.
9)
Mrs. Lewis participated in a study in which she was given no treatment for her condition. Mrs. Lewis was in the ________ group.
hazard
control
experimental
observed
10)
Dr. Jonas wanted to determine what would happen if rats were given food every time they completed a maze. He believed they would learn to complete the maze faster. This belief is called
a description.
control.
an explanation.
a prediction.
11)
Freud believed that personality was formed:
after a traumatizing event.
in the first 2 years of life.
in the first 6 years of life.
around puberty when the sex organs develop.
12)
By making a loud noise when “Little Albert” was presented with a rat, John Watson taught the baby to fear rats. This proved that:
children are inherently afraid of rats.
phobias could be learned through conditioning.
loud noises always elicit a fear response in humans.
rats can easily frighten young children.
13)
Mary is a psychologist who focuses on the role of the conscious and unconscious minds. To which perspective does Mary ascribe?
humanistic
behavioral
cognitive
psychodynamic
14)
Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis:
is as commonly used today as it was a few decades ago.
has no place in modern scientific study.
has been completely rejected by modern psychologists.
is still in use by professionals today, with less emphasis on sex and sexual motivations.
15)
Which of the following psychological professionals must always have a medical degree?
psychologist
psychoanalyst
psychiatrist
psychiatric social worker
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 02 preTest latest
1)
The adrenal glands are located right on top of:
each lung.
the pancreas.
the liver.
each kidney.
2)
The “master gland” that controls or influences all of the other endocrine glands is the:
adrenal gland.
thyroid gland.
pineal gland.
pituitary gland.
3)
Dorothy has spinocerebellar degeneration, a condition that is likely to cause her to have difficulty with:
calculating and reasoning.
walking, speaking, and/or standing.
reading and writing.
hearing and seeing.
4)
The part of the brain that controls life-sustaining functions, such as heartbeat, breathing, and swallowing, is the:
cerebral cortex.
hippocampus.
cerebellum.
medulla.
5)
A(n) _____ is used to record the activity of the cortex just below the skull.
electroencephalograph
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
positron emission tomography (PET) scan
computed tomography (CT) scan
6)
A functional MRI (fMRI) and a PET scan both:
produce black and white scans of the brain’s structures.
provide detailed computerized interpretations of brain dysfunctions.
provide a way to measure the functioning and activity of the brain.
create selective injuries that allow researchers to study brain function.
7)
The part of the autonomic nervous system known as the “eat-drink-and-rest” system is the:
sympathetic division.
motor pathway.
sensory pathway.
parasympathetic division.
8)
The job of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is to:
provide feelings such as empathy and sympathy.
get the body ready to deal with stress.
control voluntary muscles.
stabilize emotions such as happiness and sadness.
9)
Neuroplasticity is:
the most advanced form of brain surgery.
the process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic vesicules.
the brain’s ability to change both the structure and function of many cells in response to experience and trauma.
the research and study of stem cells.
10)
The ______ is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system
autonomic nervous system
somatic nervous system
11)
The spinal cord’s outer section is made up of _______ and the inner section is made up of _______.
bone; synaptic vesicles
somatic cells; dendrites
bone; axons and nerves
myelinated axons and nerves; the cell bodies of neurons
12)
The ____ is a network of cells that carries information to and from all parts of the body.
nervous system
brain
spinal cord
neuron
13)
Neurons fire:
either full strength or not at all.
partially when there is a weak stimulus.
partially when there is a strong stimulus.
stronger when there is a strong stimulus.
14)
The sac-like structures that are found at the end of a neuron’s axon and that contain neurotransmitters are called:
synaptic vesicles.
dendrites.
axon terminals.
synaptic knobs.
15)
When a neuron is at rest, the ions inside the cell are mostly _______ and the ions outside the cell are mostly _______.
small; large
positively charged; negatively charged
negatively charged; positively charged
dead; alive
16)
Special types of glial cells generate a protective fatty substance called:
cholesterol.
dendrites.
axons.
myelin.
17)
When the action potential gets to the end of the axon:
the message is received by the brain.
the cell dies.
the message gets transmitted to another cell.
the cell does not return to its resting state.
18)
A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and functioning of the nervous system is called ________.
neuroscience
psychology
bioscience
biopsychology
19)
Which statement most accurately explains the difference in functioning between the right hemisphere of the brain and the left hemisphere?
The right processes information from the right side of the body, whereas the left processes information from the left side.
The right processes information all at once, whereas the left breaks things down into parts.
The right sees things upside down, whereas the left sees them right side up.
The right specializes in logical thought processes.
20)
The venom of a black widow spider is an example of a(n) __________, which mimics or enhances the effects of neurotransmitters.
antagonist
agonist
endorphin
beta blocker
21)
A work-related accident left Bob with a paralyzed left arm and an inability to recognize the left side of his visual field. Bob’s condition is called:
spinocerebellar degeneration.
spatial neglect.
Broca’s aphasia.
Wernicke’s aphasia.
22)
When people are walking, raising their hands in class, or smelling a flower, they are using the:
autonomic nervous system.
somatic nervous system.
skeletal nervous system.
central nervous system.
23)
If the pancreas secretes too much insulin, it results in a condition known as:
hypoglycemia.
diabetes.
dyspepsia.
premature baldness.
24)
According to the textbook, scientists are investigating the use of stem cells to:
treat cancer.
alleviate depression.
repair damaged or diseased brain tissue.
cure birth defects.
25)
Which sense is the only one that is NOT processed through the thalamus?
smell
taste
hearing
touch
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 02 postTest latest
1)
The first identified neurotransmitter was:
acetylcholine.
dopamine.
melatonin.
serotonin.
2)
The ______ is the cell body, which contains the nucleus.
axon
neuron
soma
dendrite
3)
Special types of glial cells generate a protective fatty substance called:
myelin.
dendrites.
cholesterol.
axons.
4)
What is a biological reason for why heroin is addictive?
Heroin bonds with serotonin, producing mental confusion in users.
The bodies of heroin users do not produce endorphins, so withdrawal is very painful.
Neurotransmitters are damaged and continue sending stimulating messages to cells.
It produces an excess of dopamine in the brain.
5)
In the disease _______, the myelin sheath is destroyed.
schizophrenia
depression
multiple sclerosis
epilepsy
6)
When neurons fire and transmit messages, they:
sometimes transmit information partially, depending on signal strength.
do so in an all-or-none fashion.
begin rapidly, then gradually slow down.
begin slowly, then gradually increase in velocity.
7)
The sac-like structures that are found at the end of a neuron’s axon and that contain neurotransmitters are called:
synaptic knobs.
axon terminals.
synaptic vesicles.
dendrites.
Neurons fire:
stronger when there is a strong stimulus.
partially when there is a weak stimulus.
partially when there is a strong stimulus.
either full strength or not at all.
9)
Which area of the brain influences sleep and dreaming?
reticular formation
cerebellum
medulla
pons
10)
The part of the brain that controls life-sustaining functions, such as heartbeat, breathing, and swallowing, is the:
cerebellum.
cerebral cortex.
hippocampus.
medulla.
11)
The ______ lobes are responsible for higher mental processes such as decision making.
temporal
parietal
reticular
frontal
12)
________ provides energy for the brain during stress.
Melatonin
Cortisol
Thyroxin
Serotonin
13)
What is the primary role of the adrenal glands?
regulating sexual behavior
secreting hormones
regulating metabolism
producing insulin
14)
The “master gland” that controls or influences all of the other endocrine glands is the:
pituitary gland.
pineal gland.
adrenal gland.
thyroid gland.
15)
The adrenal glands are located right on top of:
the pancreas.
each lung.
each kidney.
the liver.
16)
The ______ is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system
autonomic nervous system
somatic nervous system
17)
Neuroplasticity is:
the most advanced form of brain surgery.
the process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic vesicules.
the brain’s ability to change both the structure and function of many cells in response to experience and trauma.
the research and study of stem cells.
18)
The parasympathetic division could be called the:
all-or-nothing system.
stress division.
fight-or-flight system.
eat-drink-and-rest system.
19)
The part of the autonomic nervous system known as the “eat-drink-and-rest” system is the:
motor pathway.
sensory pathway.
sympathetic division.
parasympathetic division.
20)
The ____ is a network of cells that carries information to and from all parts of the body.
spinal cord
nervous system
brain
neuron
21)
The venom of a black widow spider is an example of a(n) __________, which mimics or enhances the effects of neurotransmitters.
beta blocker
antagonist
endorphin
agonist
22)
Casey, a baseball player, tugs at his batting glove and stretches his neck in the same way every time he comes up to bat. This habit is stored in the:
medulla.
pons.
cerebellum.
corpus callosum.
23)
Which statement most accurately explains the difference in functioning between the right hemisphere of the brain and the left hemisphere?
The right processes information all at once, whereas the left breaks things down into parts.
The right sees things upside down, whereas the left sees them right side up.
The right processes information from the right side of the body, whereas the left processes information from the left side.
The right specializes in logical thought processes.
24)
If the pancreas secretes too much insulin, it results in a condition known as:
diabetes.
premature baldness.
dyspepsia.
hypoglycemia.
25)
The thalamus can be likened to a:
seahorse.
triage nurse.
pipeline.
little brain.
26)
Mr. Phillips is having a test to see if he is suffering from seizures. Electrodes are attached to his scalp to measure the electrical activity of the brain. Mr. Phillips is having a(n):
EEG.
CT scan.
MRI.
PET scan.
27)
Which of the following is most closely related to the functioning of the parasympathetic division?
tears of joy
adrenaline release
normal breathing
increased heart rate
28)
A functional MRI (fMRI) and a PET scan both:
create selective injuries that allow researchers to study brain function.
provide detailed computerized interpretations of brain dysfunctions.
produce black and white scans of the brain’s structures.
provide a way to measure the functioning and activity of the brain.
29)
Which of the following is TRUE about deep lesioning?
It is only done on animals.
It is routinely done on humans.
It is the best way to study the human brain.
It takes an X-ray of the brain.
30)
Which of the following diagnostic tools involve injecting a person with radioactive glucose to map brain function?
EEG
PET scan
CT scan
MRI
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 03 preTest latest
1)
What is the common name for the taste receptor cells?
taste buds
super tasters
papillae
gustations
2)
In 1996, Lindemann proposed a fifth primary receptor that detects which type of taste?
peppery
earthy
vinegary
brothy
3)
_____ refers to a rapid series of still pictures that seem to be in motion.
Stroboscopic motion
The phi phenomenon
The autokinetic effect
The apparent distance hypothesis
4)
Which of the following is TRUE about pictorial depth cues?
They require visual cues from both eyes.
They are often referred to as binocular cues.
They require visual cues from only one eye.
Usually they are not needed for perceiving depth in the world.
5)
Research suggests that perception may be influenced by all of the following EXCEPT:
culture.
different expectancies.
misinterpretation of perceptual cues.
if someone is right-brained versus left-brained.
6)
The use of preexisting knowledge to organize individual features into a unified whole is known as:
precognition.
bottom-up processing.
top-down processing.
perceptual expectancy.
7)
In Gestalt theories, the principle of closure refers to the tendency to:
complete incomplete figures.
perceive objects as existing on a background.
perceive events happening close together as related.
perceive similar objects as belonging together.
8)
Which of the following is TRUE about depth perception?
It is the ability to see in two dimensions.
It helps one to judge how far away objects are.
It is almost always present in people who were blind from birth and later had their sight restored.
It does not develop until the toddler years.
9)
The three aspects to the perception of light are brightness, color, and:
sharpness.
refraction.
reflection.
saturation.
10)
Rods are visual sensory receptors responsible for:
visual accommodation.
noncolor sensitivity to low light.
color vision.
focusing images on the retina.
11)
A highly saturated red color would contain ________ wavelengths.
only blue
only red
a mixture of different
more red than blue
12)
What are the three primary colors of light?
red, blue, green
red, yellow, blue
yellow, green, blue
red, yellow, green
13)
Which of the following is TRUE about color blindness?
The most common type is called monochrome color blindness.
When it involves one set of cones, it is an inherited recessive trait.
It is more prevalent among females than males.
It is caused by defective cones in the iris of the eye.
14)
Where is the retina located?
in the aqueous humor
at the back of the eye
at the front of the eye
in the brain
15)
Terry stepped on a nail while walking around barefoot in her yard one week ago. The spot where the skin was punctured still hurts, reminding her to take it easy on her foot. The soreness Terry is experiencing is known as ________ pain.
pressure
visceral
somatic
gate-control
16)
Which of the following statements best explains how the sense of taste works?
Molecules of taste are absorbed through receptors on the roof of the mouth and transmitted to the stomach.
Olfactory bulbs absorb molecules of taste and then send signals to the brain.
Molecules of food fit into receptors on taste buds, and neural signals are fired to the brain.
Molecules of taste are absorbed into the saliva and circulated throughout the blood until they reach the brain.
17)
Which mammals have the ability to hear up to 200,000 Hz?
dolphins
dogs
cats
humans
18)
People who have difficulty with their hearing are said to be either totally or partially:
hearing impaired.
pitch challenged.
mute.
tone deaf.
19)
Nerve hearing impairment can be helped with the use of:
cochlear implants.
ordinary hearing aids.
electrode surgery.
auditory implants.
20)
________ can inhibit the transmission of pain signals in the brain.
Substance P
Synesthesia
Endorphins
Kinesthesia
21)
According to gate-control theory:
pain signals must pass through a “gate” located in the brain.
the activity of the spinal gate can be opened by nonpain signals.
a structure in the spinal cord is closed when pain signals enter the spinal cord.
when the spinal gates open farther, there is a greater experience of pain.
22)
Motion sickness can be explained by:
an imbalance in the kinesthetic senses.
a type of allergic reaction.
conflict between visual input and other sensory input.
environmental discord.
23)
The tendency of the brain to stop attending to constant, unchanging information is known as:
sensory overload.
habituation.
event-related adaptation.
sensory adaptation.
24)
The term ______ refers to stimuli that are below the level of conscious awareness.
absolute threshold
sensory receptor
just noticeable difference
subliminal stimuli
25)
The ________ is the lowest level of stimulation that a person can consciously detect 50 percent of the time the stimulation is present.
minimal sensory threshold
difference threshold
just noticeable difference
absolute threshold
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 03 postTest latest
Research suggests that perception may be influenced by all of the following EXCEPT:
different expectancies.
culture.
if someone is right-brained versus left-brained.
misinterpretation of perceptual cues.
2)
In Gestalt theories, the principle of closure refers to the tendency to:
complete incomplete figures.
perceive events happening close together as related.
perceive similar objects as belonging together.
perceive objects as existing on a background.
3)
Which of the following is TRUE about pictorial depth cues?
They require visual cues from only one eye.
They are often referred to as binocular cues.
They require visual cues from both eyes.
Usually they are not needed for perceiving depth in the world.
4)
Which of the following is TRUE about depth perception?
It is almost always present in people who were blind from birth and later had their sight restored.
It is the ability to see in two dimensions.
It helps one to judge how far away objects are.
It does not develop until the toddler years.
5)
The process of converting outside stimuli into neural activity is called:
perception.
sensory adaptation.
transduction.
conversion.
6)
________ is the way the brain deals with unchanging information from the environment.
Perception
Sensory divergence
Habituation
Sublimination
7)
The tendency of the brain to stop attending to constant, unchanging information is known as:
sensory adaptation.
event-related adaptation.
habituation.
sensory overload.
8)
The ________ is the lowest level of stimulation that a person can consciously detect 50 percent of the time the stimulation is present.
difference threshold
just noticeable difference
minimal sensory threshold
absolute threshold
9)
If a researcher finds that one drop of perfume diffused through a three-room apartment is the minimum amount of stimuli needed to notice the scent, then this would be a test of one’s:
absolute threshold.
just noticeable difference.
sensory receptor.
subliminal stimuli.
10)
Terry stepped on a nail while walking around barefoot in her yard one week ago. The spot where the skin was punctured still hurts, reminding her to take it easy on her foot. The soreness Terry is experiencing is known as ________ pain.
gate-control
pressure
somatic
visceral
11)
Artists use the trick of ________ to give the illusion of depth in a painting.
accommodation
texture gradient
convergence
binocular disparity
12)
Which of the following is TRUE about the Necker Cube?
It is an example of an irreversible figure.
It is part of a relatively contemporary study, published in the early 1920s.
It is an unambiguous figure.
It has conflicting sets of depth cues.
13)
The deep bass tones rattling the windows of the car next to you at a red light are at a:
high pitch.
low amplitude.
low pitch.
pure timbre.
14)
There are two kinds of vestibular organs, the:
otolith organs and the semicircular canals.
anvil and the stirrup.
olfactory bulb and the olfactory epithelium.
organ of Corti and the basilar membrane.
15)
________ can inhibit the transmission of pain signals in the brain.
Kinesthesia
Substance P
Endorphins
Synesthesia
16)
Motion sickness can be explained by:
conflict between visual input and other sensory input.
an imbalance in the kinesthetic senses.
environmental discord.
a type of allergic reaction.
17)
The sense of pain can be diminished by:
anxiety.
the vestibular sense.
the kinesthetic sense.
a sense of control.
18)
According to gate-control theory:
the activity of the spinal gate can be opened by nonpain signals.
when the spinal gates open farther, there is a greater experience of pain.
a structure in the spinal cord is closed when pain signals enter the spinal cord.
pain signals must pass through a “gate” located in the brain.
19)
Which is one of the five basic tastes?
spicy
tangy
vinegary
sour
20)
In 1996, Lindemann proposed a fifth primary receptor that detects which type of taste?
earthy
vinegary
brothy
peppery
21)
People who have difficulty with their hearing are said to be either totally or partially:
mute.
pitch challenged.
tone deaf.
hearing impaired.
22)
The ___________ contains the receptor cells for the sense of hearing.
tympanic membrane
auditory canal
organ of Corti
pinna
23)
What portion of the ear serves as a funnel for sound from the outside world?
cochlea
auditory nerve
pinna
auditory canal
24)
Which mammals have the ability to hear up to 200,000 Hz?
dogs
cats
dolphins
humans
25)
_______ is due to the lack of functioning cones.
Monochrome color blindness
Deuteranopia
Tritanopia
Protanopia
26)
What are the three primary colors of light?
red, yellow, blue
red, blue, green
red, yellow, green
yellow, green, blue
27)
According to the textbook, _______ have greater odds of inheriting color-deficient vision than ______.
males; females
African Americans; Whites
Whites; African Americans
females; males
28)
Which of the following is TRUE about the lens?
It changes shape to bring objects into focus.
It changes size depending on the amount of light in the environment.
It sends visual information to the brain.
It is the central area of the retina.
29)
________ cells have a single dendrite at one end and a single axon at the other.
Glial
Stem
Lens
Bipolar
30)
Where is the retina located?
in the brain
in the aqueous humor
at the back of the eye
at the front of the eye
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 04 preTest latest
A person with sleep apnea:
stops breathing for 10 seconds or more.
gets up and walks around while still sleeping.
experiences a state of panic.
falls asleep without warning.
2)
Which of the following parts of the body controls the sleep-wake cycle?
thyroid gland
pituitary gland
hypothalamus
prefrontal cortex
3)
Natural cycles of activity that bodies must go through are called:
microsleeps.
states of consciousness.
biological rhythms.
hypnotic states.
4)
Delta waves are predominant in which stage of sleep?
N2 (R&K Stage 2)
REM
N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4)
N1 (R&K Stage 1)
5)
Which of the following is TRUE about night terrors?
They are a common disorder.
They happen during a light stage of sleep.
They occur fairly equally in children and adults.
They are a state of panic experienced while asleep.
6)
Which of the following is NOT true about psychoactive drugs?
All of them produce physical dependence in users.
Many were originally developed to help people.
Some can cause users to develop a drug tolerance.
They alter thinking, perception, memory, or some combination of these abilities.
7)
Even in mild doses, marijuana negatively affects:
reaction time.
appetite.
mood.
the ability to sleep.
8)
Barbiturates are known as:
gateway drugs.
the minor tranquilizers.
hallucinogens.
the major tranquilizers.
9)
Which of the following kills the most people in the United States every year?
homicide
heroin overdose
alcohol-related car accidents
illnesses related to smoking
10)
Methamphetamine is an example of a:
narcotic.
hallucinogen.
depressant.
stimulant.
11)
Opium and its derivatives, morphine and heroin, duplicate the action of which of the following?
endorphins
cortisol
serotonin
melatonin
12)
Withdrawal is a sign of:
psychological dependence on a drug.
physical dependence on a drug.
tolerance to a drug.
drunkenness.
13)
In Hilgard’s theory, the _______ remains aware of what is going on during hypnosis.
“hypnotized” part of the mind
“hidden observer” part of the mind
conscious mind
brain stem
14)
The key to hypnosis seems to be:
a heightened state of suggestibility.
avoiding subjects who are active and alert.
a gullible subject.
using more practical subjects, as opposed to daydreamers.
15)
Hypnosis is unable to do which of the following?
help people relax in situations that would normally cause them stress
create amnesia for whatever happens during the session
give people superhuman strength
relieve pain
16)
Mariam takes 20 minutes daily to sit by herself and meditate. A fully meditative state is a form of:
altered consciousness.
waking consciousness.
non-REM sleep.
convergent thinking.
17)
In the ____________, dreams are less realistic because they come not from the outside world of reality but from within people’s memories and experiences.
adaptive theory
activation-synthesis hypothesis
latent content theory
restorative theory
18)
Calvin Hall concluded that:
dreams prove that people have wild imaginations.
there are no gender differences when it comes to dreams.
most dreams reflect the events that occur in everyday life.
everyone dreams in black and white.
19)
The ________ of a dream is the actual dream itself.
latent content
repression
conflict
manifest content
20)
Nightmares are more common in children than in adults because _____.
growth hormones are released from the pituitary during non-REM sleep
children spend more of their sleep in the REM state
children suffer from lost sleep more often than adults
children have more vivid imaginations than adults
21)
Debbie’s psychoanalyst tells her that the monster in her dream symbolizes her abusive father. He is discussing the dream’s:
latent content.
actual content.
manifest content.
spiritual context.
22)
Niles has begun to fall asleep suddenly during the day, sometimes in inappropriate places. Niles is most likely suffering from:
narcolepsy.
insomnia.
not enough melatonin.
sleep apnea.
23)
Theodora suffers from an inability to get to sleep and to stay asleep. Which of the following would help Theodora with her insomnia?
spending some time in bed relaxing, reading or watching TV until she gets sleepy
trying various sleeping pills until she finds one that doesn’t cause REM rebound
watching the clock so she knows how much sleep she is actually getting
going to bed and getting up on a regular schedule
24)
On Sara’s walk to campus one morning, she was thinking about what a nice day it was, how many people were already on campus, and how she had to stop by the bookstore on her way to class. Sara was experiencing:
an altered state of consciousness.
insight.
a meditative state.
waking consciousness.
25)
Derek was lying on the couch and had fallen asleep when all of a sudden his body jerked, and he woke up because he felt like he was falling. Derek was most likely in which stage of sleep?
N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4)
N1 (R&K Stage 1)
REM
N2 (R&K Stage 2)
Devry PSYC 110 Chapter 04 postTest latest
1)
In Hilgard’s theory, the _______ remains aware of what is going on during hypnosis.
“hypnotized” part of the mind
brain stem
“hidden observer” part of the mind
conscious mind
2)
The “hidden observer”:
remains aware of what is going on during hypnosis.
gives people superhuman strength under hypnosis.
guides people’s actions when they are hypnotized.
counters the effects of hypnosis.
3)
Hypnosis is unable to do which of the following?
help people relax in situations that would normally cause them stress
create amnesia for whatever happens during the session
relieve pain
give people superhuman strength
4)
Mariam takes 20 minutes daily to sit by herself and meditate. A fully meditative state is a form of:
waking consciousness.
convergent thinking.
non-REM sleep.
altered consciousness.
5)
Freud used dreams as a way to get at patients’:
phobias.
susceptibility to psychoanalysis.
brain waves.
unconscious conflicts stemming from childhood.
6)
In the ____________, dreams are less realistic because they come not from the outside world of reality but from within people’s memories and experiences.
restorative theory
adaptive theory
latent content theory
activation-synthesis hypothesis
Score: 1
Feedback: Correct. Dreams, p. 152
7)
The ________ of a dream is the actual dream itself.
latent content
manifest content
conflict
repression
8)
____________ works to change the way people think about the stresses in their lives and react to those stressors, working toward more effective coping without using drugs.
Contingency-management therapy
Cognitive-behavioral intervention
Classical conditioning
Counterconditioning
9)
How many drinks would the average person have to consume to reach a blood alcohol level of approximately 0.15%?
3–5
6–7
8–10
10–12
10)
Barbiturates are known as:
gateway drugs.
the major tranquilizers.
the minor tranquilizers.
hallucinogens.
11)
Which of the following is NOT true about psychoactive drugs?
Some can cause users to develop a drug tolerance.
Many were originally developed to help people.
They alter thinking, perception, memory, or some combination of these abilities.
All of them produce physical dependence in users.
12)
Methamphetamine is an example of a:
depressant.
narcotic.
hallucinogen.
stimulant.
13)
Physical sensations, such as nausea or extreme pain, that occur when the body is trying to adjust to the absence of a drug are called:
Korsakoff’s syndrome.
tolerance.
the “crash.”
withdrawal.
14)
Even in mild doses, marijuana negatively affects:
reaction time.
mood.
appetite.
the ability to sleep.
15)
A person has entered N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4) sleep when delta waves account for ___ percent or more of brain wave activity.
20
5
90
75
16)
A person with sleep apnea:
stops breathing for 10 seconds or more.
falls asleep without warning.
experiences a state of panic.
gets up and walks around while still sleeping.
17)
The ________ is the internal clock that tells people when to wake up and when to fall asleep.
suprachiasmatic nucleus
pons
hippocampus
amygdala
18)
Sleep apnea has been shown to cause:
REM behavior disorder.
narcolepsy.
heart problems.
SIDS.
19)
A hypnic jerk is likely to occur during:
N2 (R&K Stage 2).
N1 (R&K Stage 1).
microsleeps.
REM sleep.
20)
Predators such as lions sleep ________ their prey, the gazelle.
fewer hours per day than
more hours per day than
the same number of hours per day as
on the same schedule as
21)
Which of the following is TRUE about night terrors?
They occur fairly equally in children and adults.
They are a state of panic experienced while asleep.
They happen during a light stage of sleep.
They are a common disorder.
22)
Natural cycles of activity that bodies must go through are called:
states of consciousness.
hypnotic states.
biological rhythms.
microsleeps.
23)
A sudden loss of muscle tone is called:
REM paralysis.
somnambulism.
narcolepsy.
cataplexy.
24)
Theodora suffers from an inability to get to sleep and to stay asleep. Which of the following would help Theodora with her insomnia?
watching the c
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